VII.1. Cephalometrics

Competent to :

• identify relevant anatomical structures on cephalograms
• perform several cephalometric diagnostic analyses on tracings
• validity and limitation of growth prediction including computerized prediction

Knowledge of :
limitations of cephalograms and their analyses.
 

VII.2. Orthodontic biomechanics

Competent to :

• understand basic principles of statics and mechanics of materials
• estimate forces produced by specific orthodontic appliances used for preventive and interceptive purposes

Knowledge of :
effect of different types of force application and force magnitude on cells and tissues

Familiar with :
the property and composition of orthodontic materials
 

VII.3. Aetiology and treatment

1. Aetiology of malocclusion.

Knowledge of :

• genetic and environmental factors that influence post-natal development of the dentition and facial growth
• unfavorable influence of environmental factors and their interception
• different modes of breathing

Familiar with :

• normal and abnormal speech
• various ways of swallowing
• the process of mastication

 

2. Diagnostic procedures.

Competent to :

• perform a thorough clinical and radiographic examination including determination of habitual occlusion
• evaluate functional occlusion and different jaw relationships of patients
• evaluate influence of functional components of soft tissues on dentofacial morphology
• predict the likely effect on growth and development of face and dentition if no therapy is implemented

 

3. Iatrogenic effects of orthodontic treatment.

Familiar with :

• possible influence of treatment on temporomandibular joints
• effect of different types of treatment on dental caries risk and periodontal tissues in the long run .factors involved in root resorption
• possible influence of treatment on dentofacial appearance and aesthetics

 

VII.4. Orthodontic techniques

1. Removable appliances.

Competent to :

• indication, design and use of removable appliances
• construct and repair removable appliances

Knowledge of :
potential and limitation of removable appliances
 

2. Functional appliances.

Familiar with :

• indication, design and use of functional appliances
• potential and limitation of functional appliances

 

3. Extra-oral appliances.

Knowledge of :

• indication, design and use of various types of headgears, facial masks, chin-caps and combined extra-oral/functional appliances
• potential and limitation of these appliances

 

4. Partial fixed appliances.

Knowledge of :

• indication and application of partial fixed appliances (e.g. lingual, palatal and vestibular arches, maxillary expansion devices and partially banded/bonded dental arches)
• potential and limitation of different approaches in partial fixed appliance therapy

 

5. Fixed appliances.

Familiar with :

• indication and application of fixed appliances.
• different concepts and treatment approaches in design and biomechanical principles of fixed appliance therapy
• potential and limitation of different appliance systems

 

6. Retention appliances.

Knowledge of :

• indication and contra-indication, design and use of retention appliances
• potential and limitation of retention appliances
• the most appropriate duration of retention

 

VII.5. Multidisciplinary treatment procedures

1. Cleft palate treatment.

Knowledge of :

• multidisciplinary approaches in the treatment of cleft palate patients
• indication, timing and application of multidisciplinary treatment of cleft palate patients
• specific aspects of orthodontic treatment in cleft palate patients

 

2. Orthodontic-periodontal treatment.

Knowledge of :

• indication and contra-indication of orthodontic treatment in periodontally compromised dentitions
• specific aspects of orthodontic treatment in periodontally compromised dentitions
• contribution of orthodontic treatment to the periodontal condition of patients

 

3. Multiple aplasia

Knowledge of :
multidisciplinary approaches in the treatment of children with multiple aplasia
 

4. Physiology and pathophysiology of the stomatognathic system.

Familiar with :

• normal and abnormal functional occlusion of the dentition
• normal and abnormal behavior of soft tissue structures
• normal and abnormal functioning of the temporomandibular joint
• diagnostic procedures regarding the temporomandibular joint
• treatment procedures of temporomandibular joint disorders

 

VII.6. Clinical experience

Competent to :

• diagnose and treat or make appropriate referral of singular conditions in the primary and developing permanent dentition including, but not limited to :
• anterior and posterior space and tooth loss
• transient or definitive crowding and irregularity of the teeth
• oral habits
• ectopic eruption
• anterior/posterior crossbite
• diastema closing by using simple fixed or removable appliances
• diagnose the right timing to refer a patient to an orthodontist

 

Familiar with :
the techniques used for the orthodontic treatment of malocclusion.